#如何做出優質奈米塗層的銅
( #原貼文者Kakasi Sandor)
這是我的了解如何做出優質的奈米塗層銅：
1.盡可能使用無氧電銅。(第一句看不懂)
2.銅表面有光澤。
3.清潔銅表面避免其氧化，或有油污，或指紋等等，
4.選擇有蓋子的塑膠盒進行奈米塗層。
5.把高純度乾的氫氧化鈉(苛鹼NaOH)，混和氫氧化鉀，或氯化鉀鹽置於盒底。
鉀（K）的存在很重要，因為鉀含有120ppm（0.012％）的K40 (註：鉀元素的一種放射性同位素)，其經歷β衰變，有助於觸發整個過程。
註記：我曾用40g氫氧化鈉 + 12-15g氫氧化鉀，配一公升沸水的比例，效果很理想。
6.在剛剛倒進去的苛鹼上放置鍍鋅鐵的鐵絲網，目的在隔開容器底部與要塗層要件之間的距離。
7.將銅片銅線之類放在鐵絲網之上。或者是配合一些小道具懸掛起來，一樣目的也是想保持一個距離。 (不致彼此觸碰到，也不會碰到容器底部)
8.有個基本規則，不要將銅片銅線堆疊，一個疊在另一個之上，你也必須盡量不要碰到它們（例如，非常小心輕抓住邊邊的地方，不要破壞或刮離建立起來的奈米層。）
9.準備足夠的沸水，以便能夠瞬間覆蓋所有銅片(板/線)。
10.蓋上蓋子在容器，然後輕輕移動，以便均勻覆蓋。避免蒸氣觸及臉部，避免吸入蒸氣。臉部與眼睛要保護到，手套、防護的用品準備齊。
11.將沸水倒入容器，立即蓋上蓋子。上面放個東西壓住保持緊密。就這樣讓它放那裡不去動至少48小時，最好持續一個禮拜。
12.經過2-7天，拿開蓋子，把容器裡的苛鹼液體倒掉。不要移動裏頭的銅片(板/線)，不要碰，只是倒掉液體的苛鹼，你可用軟管作虹吸動作（類似清魚缸的方式）。
13.如果可能，在這個階段不要將銅板或銅線挪到另一個容器。保持在同一個塑料容器裡，當時很快倒入熱水的動作已經完成了。在迅速倒熱水過程塑膠容器的四周也已奈米塗層過，裏頭是一個等離子體的環境。塑膠容器奈米塗層的表面，更能保留產生的場域。
14. 雖然倒掉苛鹼液，但在容器裡留一點約1-3毫升，以保持濕氣。
15.在倒掉苛鹼液後，立即用萬用表接銅片兩端約5-10秒，目的是使表面極化，並決定奈米結構形成的方向。
選擇性地一天可以重複作4-5次，看你的目的是什麼。如果是奈米塗層的線或線圈，將探針放到線圈的尾端。如果是板子，建議放板子的對角。
16.把蓋子蓋回去，放在那裡至少2個禮拜，讓奈米塗層滋長最好是2個月。
17.看人而異，你可能不做浸泡進行第二次塗層，在苛鹼蒸氣上薰蒸，也是一樣再進行一次極化，跟浸泡過程相同。(這一段也不是很懂，請參照英文。)
18.當你決定結束這個奈米塗層過程，請勿立即打開容器。先打開一點點，讓水氣在幾天內逐漸蒸發。從充滿水氣的環境到一般環境的過渡必須逐步完成。
19.一旦完成，用蒸餾水沖洗奈米塗層的銅片(板/線)，可去除表面的苛鹼。
20.使用前，將奈米塗層的物件保存在密封的盒子裡，裡面稍稍有點濕氣。
How to make a good a nano coating of copper
This is my understanding of how to make a good nano coating of copper:
1. Use oxygen free electric copper if possible.
2. Have the surface of the copper shiny.
3. Clean the surface of the copper to be free of oxidation, oil, fingerprints etc,
4. Chose a polypropylene plastic box with lid for the coating process.
5. Place on the bottom of the dry container caustic soda (NaOH) of higher purity, mixed with some KOH or KCl salt. The presence of potassium (K) is important, as potassium contains 120 ppm (0.012%) of K40 isotope., which is subject to beta decay, and it helps to trigger the process.
NOTE: I used to get good results with 40 grams of NaOH and 12-15 grams of KOH per liter of boiling water.
6. Place a zinc coated iron mesh (chicken wire) over the caustic, with purpose to create a distance between the bottom of the container and the pieces, which are to be nano-coated.
7. Position the copper pieces onto the chicken mesh. Alternatively, you may hang them on any kind of suitable support, which keep them separated (not touching each other and not touching the bottom of the container).
8. As a basic rule, do not stack the pieces of copper one over the other, and do not tamper them from here on. You have to minimize the contact with them (for example by holding them by the edges, with extreme care to not damage or crush the created nano-layers.
9. Prepare enough boiling water to be able to cover in an instant all the copper pieces.
10. Put the lid on the container, then move it slightly in order to crack-open just a corner of it, through which opening you will be able to pour the boiling water in. Avoid that the vapors to reach your face and avoid breathing in the vapors. Use face and eye protection, gloves, protective equipment as described in the MSDS.
11. Pour the boiling water into the container and cover it with the lid immediately. You can place a weight over the lid of necessary in order to close it well. Leave it untouched for at least 48 hours, and better for one week.
12. After 2-7 days passed, remove the lid and drain the liquid caustic from the container. Do not move the copper pieces, do not touch the, just remove the caustic liquid, You can use a flexible pipe for siphoning (similarly to how fish-tanks are emptied).
13. If possible, at this stage do not move the copper plates or wires into another container. Keep them in the same plastic container, in which the immersion in hot caustic was done. During the hot caustic process, the walls of that plastic container got nano-coated too, and inside there is a plasmatic environment. The nano.coated surface of the plastic container will better keep inside the created fields.
14. Leave a little liquid (about 1-3 ml) in the container in order to provide moist.
15. Immediately after the removal of the liquid caustic, apply the probes of a millivoltmeter to two extremities of the copper pieces for about 5- 10 seconds, with purpose to polarize the surface and dictate a direction of the formation of the nano-structures.
Optionally, you can repeat this 4-5 times a day, depending on purpose. In case of nano-coating wires or coils, apply the probes on the ends of the wires. In case of plates, it is preferable to apply on diagonally opposed corners of the plates.
16. Place back the lid on the top of the container, and leave it for minimum 2 weeks, and preferably for 2 months for the nano-layers to grow.
17. Optionally, you may do a second coating without immersion, but with steaming over caustic steam, followed again by polarizing and conditioning in the same way as after the immersion process.
18. When you decide to end the process, do not open immediately the containers. First open a little crack for allow the moisture to evaporate gradually during a couple of days. The transition from moist environment to room environment has to be done gradually.
19. Once the process done, rinse the nano-coated copper pieces with distilled water in order to remove the caustic from their surface.
20. Before use, keep the nano coated pieces in closed boxes, with a little moist inside.
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